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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/10/2008 7:02:04 PM | Hi Toodles,
I rarely make assumptions, but since that it how it appears that you signed at the bottom, I will assume that is your name.
I could probably assume you ran this past a debating team, and you decided to play something similar to chess. There are other sites for role playng games, and I would appreciate it if you would just admit that you were incorrect about the definition of one word and its proper usage in a sentence. You do not have to agree with any of my other premises. Of course, the definition of that word is critical to the premise.
I would say that this debate is not just a little chess game, but is a defining issue of our time. I would say that, but nobody really reads this crap anyway.
You assume because I believe differently than you that I'm Atheist? Hmm... Telling. This is the equivalent of an ad-hominem attack on my personal morals. I am not a bigot. I happen to appreciate many of the qualities of most of the Atheists I meet. You seem to have a problem with admitting mistakes.
You are also cherry picking. Is that a typical ploy?
This another ad-hominem attack. You say I am a cherry picker, and provide no evidence of cherries of picking.
I'll do the honour of posting the whole definition. Pat attention to the adjective... Heck, I'll even bolden it for you. Sir, you previously refused to even consider that your definition and usage were flawed, and refused access to a dictionary. Now you post a definition without a source. I will assume you cherry picked it, and left out the source becaues it is one those "reader contributed" definitions, like Wiki or another "open source"
And as I said before... Only if you can't rely the ones you're given already!
What's with your persecution complex? More ad-hominem.
I just don't think so in this case. Evolution of the brain and the definitions you hold so dear has reinforced it. . The rest of your post lacks a certain quality of readability, so you might wish to clarify it. Are saying that I am wrong because the word "morals" has evolved to mean something different since open sources allow people like you to contribute new and "progrssive" definitions? | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/11/2008 8:58:27 AM | People work harder when boss is watching, study better when teacher is lurking around, run faster when coach trains besides them etc.
It's just human nature. Unfortunately.
That's why having faith is good for humans. If everyone obeyed 10 commandments, we would not need the prisons, governments or taxes. | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/11/2008 9:01:02 AM | More of this runaround, eh Gottalight? Do you get off on off topic bickering? Or do you crave attention so badly that you'll start an argument over the weakest of premises?
You are really starting to bore me.
I could probably assume you ran this past a debating team, and you decided to play something similar to chess. There are other sites for role playng games, and I would appreciate it if you would just admit that you were incorrect about the definition of one word and its proper usage in a sentence. You do not have to agree with any of my other premises. Of course, the definition of that word is critical to the premise.
The O/P mentions morals as in ethics! Get that thru your thickened skull.
I would say that this debate is not just a little chess game, but is a defining issue of our time. I would say that, but nobody really reads this crap anyway.
You are likely right. Again tho, why do you feel the need to assert that you know what the O/P is asking better than I? It is plain as day that he's talking about morals as in ethics and not the moral of a story.
Atheists have no stories?
This another ad-hominem attack. You say I am a cherry picker, and provide no evidence of cherries of picking.
Whatever you say... You claimed I didn't know what the O/P is asking and then proceed to go way off topic by offering your own opinions on what he meant. If you don't know that cherry picking is picking a definition out of many and dismissing the rest then I'm sorry... Another term you don't get apparently. I conceded that yours was a correct definition. just not in relation to this thread... If you won't read the O/P then take a powder sunshine.
READ THE THREAD TITLE!
A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists
Now get off of it. It is obvious to all but the blind. He's talking of morals as in figuring out right and wrong... Not what is in stories.
Sir, you previously refused to even consider that your definition and usage were flawed, and refused access to a dictionary. Now you post a definition without a source. I will assume you cherry picked it, and left out the source becaues it is one those "reader contributed" definitions, like Wiki or another "open source"
Oh, did I forget the link? It's from Encarta... What now that I'm using the definitons like you asked, it's still not good enough?
Again... Read the O/P and explain to me how he could possibly ber talking about a moral of some story. If you can do that and make logical sense, I'll buy you a soda.
More ad-hominem.
Quit pulling the "poor me" and maybe I won't ask why you have a persecution complex.
They use the word "set" and "discipline." So, I still say, as I said on the last page, isn't it a lot easier to admit that you need a set of rule to call your ethics or morals. It not only clarifies your set of rules, but it allows you to reflect on things like hypocrisy. Sure, you can duck the set and accuse Christian ministers of being hypocrites, right?
I'm not persecuting anyone so when you make a dumb statement like that, I'm well within my rights to say you have a persecution complex.
The rest of your post lacks a certain quality of readability, so you might wish to clarify it. Are saying that I am wrong because the word "morals" has evolved to mean something different since open sources allow people like you to contribute new and "progrssive" definitions?
Gee... It's in basic english... How much more clarification do you need? How you are using the word moral doesn't apply to whether or not a certain group of people are more moral than others.
Unless you are trying to say that Atheists have no morals to their stories.
But that's kinda silly.
People work harder when boss is watching, study better when teacher is lurking around, run faster when coach trains besides them etc.
That's why they are less moral... They have to get their morals from passed down rules instead of trusting their own common sense.
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/11/2008 9:16:55 AM | Rules are made for folks who haven't learned how to use their own common sense. I disagree. Societies make all sorts of rules that fail the test of "common sense". And definitely fail the test of "the Golden Rule". I think you confidence in humanities compulsion towards doing the right thing is naive at best, dangerously blind at worst. You'll probably insist that "that's different" but here are a few examples that came to this pre-caffeine fix brain this am: Soviet Russia had "rules" that required everyone to tall the government if they even suspected a person was anti-State. This included children. Children were taught by their teachers to spy on their parents and tell the teacher if their parents acted or spoke "subversively". If you didn't tell on someone and someone else told on them first then you were presumed to be a part of the subversion/conspiracy and risked you and your family being interrogated, penalised, or imprisoned. Common sense said to protect your family and yourself you tell of anything you heard or saw regardless of how minor a transgression it may appear to be. That's why the system worked so well. In Hitler's Germany it was much the same set of "rules" and much the same "common sense" said "do the wrong thing" (morally) to protect you and yours. It was a "rule" (a Law actually) to report Jews, suspected Jews, and those who were hiding or protecting them, including family members. Common sense was to do so even though that was the "wrong thing" from a moral POV.
If Theists act more ethical solely because they think God is watching, they are less MORAL than someone who does it out of kindness. The study didn't say that the ONLY reason for ethical action by Theists was "God is watching". I t said that they acted more ethically when reminded that "god is watching" or reminded of the presence or existence of God. As for moral quantification, your claim is presumptive. And convenient. It's part of an elitism shown by some Atheists, a way to point out how morally superior they are because they act morally out of the goodness of their heart and the Theists act out of fear, making them the better person. It's been stated again and again by some Atheists in this forum even to the claim that the death of an Atheist solider is more honorable than the death of a Theist soldier, something I find quite disgusting and dishonorable.
And if it helps the issue get resolved, "moral" is definitely used in the sense of behaviour by me (the OP), the reporter, and the author of the study. I have no idea what the bickering about "moral" as in "a story" is all about, but it's very clear that was not the meaning of "moral" as used in the OP.
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/11/2008 9:40:39 AM | I disagree. Societies make all sorts of rules that fail the test of "common sense". And definitely fail the test of "the Golden Rule".
Maybe I phrased it badly... Mark Twain said something along these lines but put it better than I can obviously.
" Laws control the lesser man... Right conduct controls the greater one"
The study didn't say that the ONLY reason for ethical action by Theists was "God is watching". I t said that they acted more ethically when reminded that "god is watching" or reminded of the presence or existence of God.
I know, but I've seen many (even here on these forums) say that without rules handed to us from God, we would all be murderous scavengers. I think this is very irresponsible thinking and though the study didn't get into it that far, it could lead to that path... To some anyways. If that was pre-emptive of me, I appologize.
I always work hard at work whether the boss is around or not. And I do it for me. My boss and myself are partners. I have nothing to hide so if it's time to relax for a bit and the boss is around, I will relax, safe in the knowing that I did good works.
What if you're an Atheist but you believe that the people who have gone before may be watching?
Could an Atheist believe in ghosts in a fashion? | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/11/2008 4:02:10 PM |
I'm not persecuting anyone
Now get off of it. It is obvious to all but the blind. He's talking of morals as in figuring out right and wrong... Not what is in stories. Stonestongue,
I owe you at least three ad-hominem attacks. I'll only give you one. You are an idiot. | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/11/2008 5:52:16 PM | "Is there a moral that covers not arguing about the definition of the word moral?"~Ideoform "No, but it is covered in the operations manual for tactical excercises. It is best to aquaint yourself with the equipment and maintain it properly. When the battle is not real intense you can leave it in normal mode, but if your position is challenged, you switch it to full-auto and lay down a barrage of indisputable fire."~gottalight
The terminology you are using is from the military regarding tactics, battle and "full-auto barrages of fire."
So is this the Golden Rule's exception; to allow verbal/written warfare with regard to arguing about morals?
I think it is an interesting question as to how do you change someone's mind using force:
IMHO, historically, this is the realm of propaganda, hypnosis, subliminal advertising, bribery, emotional abuse, and--perhaps--torture, although the effects of the latter are usually only temporary.
Any tactic but ignoring; for instance, personal attacks, name-calling, belittling and dismissiveness only serve to continue the polarization of ideas rather than lessen it.
They make the discussion more and more about the person holding the discussion than the topic itself, because of the need to defend one's honor. This then becomes a digression which is only about the individuals arguing, and not about information and ideas.
It seems that it is easier to discuss a topic if the various "sides" have a face/personality to them. By animating an opinion with a person's personality, it is easier to evaluate the possible adgendas of those choosing to hold a particular viewpoint.
Unfortunately, adgendas are often "assumed" where there are none, or are of another type than the person is outwardly admitting to. There is a "story" behind everyone's triggers. I think these are sometimes more interesting than the topics themselves....as they are revealed bit by bit over time.
Polarization is useful in revealing any vagueness, discrepencies and to clarify the original topic--if the topic gets any attention after the digressions. | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/11/2008 6:11:56 PM | Just wanted to add to my last train of thought here. As far as I know, Atheists could believe in ghosts as they don't really have to go against Naturalism.
If Atheists could believe in ghosts, they could also act more ethical when they think someone is watching.
Gottalight;
It isn't persecution when you ask someone to stay on topic or that they are mistaken in the use of a word after they wrongfully accuse you of the same.
This was your first veiled ad hom.
You don't need a book, but if you have morals, you should be able to recite the rules verbatim according to the proper dictionary definition of the word.
Plus you were the one who was wrong. All this talk about me not being able to admit I was wrong when all the while it was you who was wrong... Did you admit it? No... All you did was throw another insult.
You can call me names all you like... You are still wrong in this instance as the O/P has attested. I won't get into a flame war with you.
From Romantic Optimist;
And if it helps the issue get resolved, "moral" is definitely used in the sense of behaviour by me (the OP), the reporter, and the author of the study. I have no idea what the bickering about "moral" as in "a story" is all about, but it's very clear that was not the meaning of "moral" as used in the OP. | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/11/2008 7:01:13 PM | Ideoform,
My magazine was only using accurate dictionary definions of his usage of the word "moral." Prior to reloading I recieved numerous "ad-hominem" rounds. I pleaded with the enemy to cease-fire.
Thank you for understanding the situation. | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/11/2008 10:32:08 PM |
"I pleaded with the enemy to cease-fire."
Report, don't plead.
Cease-fires aren't given to happening from pleading, but from negotiation. Negotiation that has no consequences or enforcement has no teeth.
Does the end justify the means? In other words, are there moral lapses so great as to justify other moral lapses? Is consistency of any import?
Ethically, a Theist would say that character dictates a certain behavior standard regardless of the behavior of others. An Atheist does this only based on moral and/or personal exigency. | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/11/2008 10:58:53 PM | Cease-fires aren't given to happening from pleading, but from negotiation. Negotiation that has no consequences or enforcement has no teeth. Perhaps, but Smith and Wesson suggest that peace is acheive through superior firepower. You can play pansy with anyone you like, but I get shot at, I'm shooting back.
Does the end justify the means? In other words, are there moral lapses so great as to justify other moral lapses? Is consistency of any import? Is a moral lapse to tell the truth? Or would it be a moral lapse to evade the truth to appease a certain sector of society?
Ethically, a Theist would say that character dictates a certain behavior standard regardless of the behavior of others. An Atheist does this only based on moral and/or personal exigency. I am more of a Philosopher than most Theists and most Athiests. I would rather dictate my own morals, than to listen to parrots who repeat the dictations of others.
I established a basic moral code, and I published it on this thread. I have additional material that pertains on how to act when under fire. | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/12/2008 8:36:58 AM | Putting all the other silliness aside as it's already been sorted out, doesn't this;
I am more of a Philosopher than most Theists and most Athiests. I would rather dictate my own morals, than to listen to parrots who repeat the dictations of others.
Totally go against this?
So, I still say, as I said on the last page, isn't it a lot easier to admit that you need a set of rule to call your ethics or morals. It not only clarifies your set of rules, but it allows you to reflect on things like hypocrisy.
How can you dictate your own morals when you believe that we should be following "set" morals?
Something seems to be missing. Am I mistaken?
You always seem to act this way towards me... I never was sure why. But don't worry... I only find it curious, it doesn't hurt me. If this is such an important issue why would you pick on someones grammer to begin with? Whether right or wrong?
What's the moral in this story about morals?
I believe that once upon a time, there was no such thing as morality.
Is it still possible to live happily ever after? I think so. | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/12/2008 12:49:50 PM |
How can you dictate your own morals when you believe that we should be following "set" morals?
Something seems to be missing. Am I mistaken?
People with ADD should not attempt to debate. I apologize for calling you an idiot. I am very sorry about your illness.
I need a set of rules. I write one. | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/12/2008 7:57:17 PM | RE msg 25 by DietCoke®Guy:
Here is the article: http://www.psych.ubc.ca/~azim/norenzayanshariff2008.pdf Of course, it also indicates that children being told that "Princess Alice" was watching them were more likely to follow instructions. Interesting article, and of course the journalistic interpretation is much more sensational than the actual article. Thanks very much, DietCoke®Guy. I was going to put a whole load of questions on the Opening Post, but seeing as you got me a link to the actual document, I thought I'd cover that. 
Since there were a lot of conclusions in the article, and I am very unsure if any are truly able to be deduced from the results, I thought I'd just keep in the experiments, and make a few observations on them. Make of it what you will.
In the classic “Good Samaritan” experiment (22), for example, researchers staged an anonymous situation modeled after the Biblical parable—a man was lying on a sidewalk appearing to be sick and in need of assistance (Fig. 1). Participants varying in religiousness were led to pass by this victim (actually a research confederate) on their way to complete their participation in a study. Unobtrusively recorded offers of help showed no relation with religiosity in this anonymous context (22). Only a situational variable—whether participants were told to rush or take their time—produced differences in helping rates. Clearly, religion played no part in this "Good Samaritan" gesture. However, what is interesting is that if people took their time, or they rushed, that seemed to make a difference. If the ones who took their time helped more often, and those who rushed helped less often, then that suggests to me that most people DO want to help others, if they have the time, and if they don't have the time, their lack of time is not overridden by their religion.
Experiment 1:
In one study (23), researchers compared levels of cooperation and coordination between secular and religious kibbutzim in Israel. In this economic game, two members of the same kibbutz who remained anonymous to each other were given access to an envelope with a certain amount of money. Each participant simultaneously decided how much money to withdraw from the envelope and keep. Players only kept the money they requested if the sum of the requests did not exceed the total amount in the envelope. If it did, the players received nothing. The results showed that, controlling for relevant predictors, systematically less money was withdrawn in the religious kibbutzim than in the secular ones (23). ... In the kibbutzim study, highly religious men, who engaged in daily and communal prayer, took the least money, It is highly likely that these people were all Jewish. Judaism requires that if you find an article on the street, you are required to return it as is. So I cannot say if Jewish religious people are more likely to be pro-social, or if this is simply the result of being more religious. Similarly, pray every day in the synagogue takes anywhere from 30 minutes to an hour, and there are usually only two daily communal prayers, one in the morning and one in the evening, so those who do pray every day in the synagogue do have to make a special effort to go out of their way to be there for prayers. Also, people are far more likely to keep kosher than to go once a week on the Sabbath, and are far more likely to go once a week on the Sabbath that to daily in a Minyan, so those who do pray daily in a Minyan tend to be the ones who keep more of the religious requirements than anyone else. So this could show that those who are more religious are more likely to be more strict about their religion, but not that they are more pro-social.
Experiment 2:
In one experiment, for example, participants were given the option of volunteering to raise money for a sick child who could not pay his medical bills (24). Participants in one condition were led to believe that they would certainly be called upon if they volunteered. In another, participants could volunteer although told that they were unlikely to be called upon. In the latter condition, participants could reap the social benefits of feeling (or appearing) helpful without the cost of the actual altruistic act. Only in the latter situation was a link between religiosity and volunteering evident. Many studies have corroborated that religiosity predicts prosocial behavior primarily when the prosocial act could promote a positive image for the participant, either in his or her own eyes or in the eyes of observers (2). This is again interesting. It shows that religious people were more likely to volunteer to raise money when they believed that they were unlikely to be asked to actually put in the time and effort. Again, like the first experiment, it suggests that ease of convenience is more of a motivator than religion. But religion does seem to be a greater motivator in being willing to give the option for fund-raising for a sick child than in actually helping someone.
Experiment 3:
In one such experiment (25), university students who were randomly assigned to a condition in which they were casually told that the ghost of a dead student had been spotted in the experimental room, cheated less on a rigged computer task.
A different study conceptually replicated this effect— temporary, unconscious activation of God concepts lowered rates of cheating (26). Moreover, among those in the control condition, religiosity as an individual difference measure did not predict levels of cheating.
In another experiment, children were explicitly instructed not to look inside a box, and then left alone in the room with it (25). Those who were previously told that a fictional supernatural agent — PrincessAlice — was watching were significantly less likely to peek inside the forbidden box. In each case, it is clear that the presence of someone watching the students inhibited them from cheating as much. But a ghost is not a good example of someone who might punish you for cheating. So there is nothing to suggest that the students were inhibited by fear of punishment, or by the presence of G-d, only that they didn't cheat as much when someone was watching. However, what IS interesting is that children were far less likely to cheat than the adults. It suggests to me that children are far more likely to be persuaded to act morally when watched. Maybe whenever a motivation is provided, they are far more likely to act morally in general.
Experiment 4:
Attitudinal surveys show that religious individuals are perceived to be more trustworthy and more cooperative (31). From behavioral evidence, ethnographic examples such as the spread of Islam in Africa, which preceded the flourishing of wide-scale trade among Muslim converts (32), and the trade networks of Medieval Jewish Maghrebi merchants (33) are consistent with this idea. Again, I am not sure if this applies to all religions. I expect that converts are more likely to be committed, because they chose to be religious, rather than being born into the religion. Also, this greater trade among Muslims may simply be because they had a commonality that they lacked with other groups. Jews again have strict codes of business ethics as part of Judaism so it may have been due to their religion, and considering that Jews paid a very high price for antisemitism, and if a Jew offended a non-Jew, often the whole community would suffer, and that the Jewish communities were often in towns that were isolated from each other in the Maghreb, it is very likely that Jews didn't want to offend any non-Jew in case their family and their community might suffer, and it would be very difficult to mitigate this by leaving for somewhere else.
Experiment 4:
Controlling for relevant sociodemographic variables, “strict” Protestant (e.g., Mormon) and Jewish denominations (Orthodox) show higher levels of church and synagogue attendance and more monetary contributions to their religious communities (despite lower average income levels) than less strict ones (Methodist and Reform, respectively) (30). I cannot speak for Mormons or Methodists. But Orthodox Jews are taught that giving charity is a very important part of the religion, and causes G-d to ignore any divine punishments, and in honour of dearly departed relatives, and this is stressed greatly at times such as the Day of Atonement, but also in general. Reform are also taught that charity is very important. But the Reform interpret the laws to be social institutions and not divine requirements, and stress social acts far more than the Orthodox do. So I would expect that the Reform give charity as a social aspect, not as a religious aspect, and so this would suggest to me that the social desire to give charity is not generally as strong as the desire to give charity for religious reasons, which might be to escape divine punishment, or for memory of your loved ones, or for purely religious reasons, or because that feeling of giving charity through the religion increases one's likelihood to give charity in all situations.
Experiment 5:
One systematic attempt to do so examined religious and secular communes in 19th-century America, whose survival de-pended upon solving the collective action problem. Religious communes were found to outlast those motivated by secular ideologies, such as socialism (Fig. 3) (29). A further quantitative analysis of 83 of these religious and secular communes (34) for which more detailed records are available found that religious communes imposed more than twice as many costly requirements (including food taboos and fasts, constraints on material possessions, marriage, sex, and communication with the outside world) than secular ones. This difference emerged for each of the 22 categories of costly requirements examined. Importantly for costly religious signaling, the number of costly requirements predicted religious commune longevity (R2 = 0.38) after the study controlled for population size and income and the year the commune was founded, although the number of costly requirements did not predict longevity for secular communes. Finally, religious ideology was no longer a predictor of commune longevity, once the number of costly requirements was statistically controlled, which suggests that the survival advantage of religious communes was due to the greater costly commitment of their members, rather than other aspects of religious ideology.
However, these findings are correlational, making causal conclusions premature. They collectively imply, but do not definitively demonstrate, that the greater longevity of religious communes with costlier requirements was due to greater intragroup cooperation and trust levels, which have not been measured directly. These results also imply that greater costly commitment is at best a partial explanation as to why religious communes outlasted secular ones. Other aspects of religion that might promote greater community stability are open for investigation. IMHO, this suggests that such costly requirements may increase one's general health and so increase one's longevity. However, it appears that religions do require more of these costly requirements.
One modern-day example is that Jews are required to wash their hands after going to the toilet, whether for No1s or No2, and after touching your shoes, or your hair, or any normally covered part of your body, such as your chest, legs, or genitals. They are also required to wash their hands before eating bread. In addition, they are also not allowed to pray or to say any blessings while near excrement. Since one must say a blessing before food, this means that one cannot practically eat near excrement either. All of these religious requirements are religious in origin. However, they have the added benefit that they are all things that are very beneficial to keep germs away. Considering that even today, with our excellent knowledge of health and sanitation, most men who leave British toilets don't wash their hands, and don't wash their hands before eating, these religious requirements certainly kept germs away from Jews far more than many other groups of people, and so they lived longer as a result.
Experiment 6:
The few relevant laboratory studies corroborate that there is an empirical association between religion and trusting behavior. Trust can be operationalized as a costly investment in a person or entity, with the future expectation of return. In one well-researched laboratory game of trust (35), participants were randomly assigned to be a proposer (truster) or a responder (trustee). In the first step, the proposer decides how much money to forward to the responder, which gets multiplied. In the second step, the responder decides how much money to send back to the proposer. By transferring money to the responder, the proposer stands to gain, but only if the responder can be trusted to reciprocate. In a variation of this trust experiment (36), researchers measured individual differences in the religiosity of the proposer and the responder. In addition, in some trials, proposers knew about the level of religiosity of the responder in an anonymous context. Results indicated that more money was forwarded to responders perceived to be religious, and this was particularly true for religious proposers. Furthermore, religious responders were more likely to reciprocate the proposer’s offer than less religious responders. Here at least, we see something concrete. Clearly, people believe that religious people are more likely to reciprocate. Also, it is clear that religious people ARE more likely to reciprocate, even when they stand to lose by it, in the short term. This alone shows a greater level of reciprocation from religious people, and that people are aware that religious people do reciprocate more.
Experiment 7:
From large village settlements at the dawn of agriculture to modern metropolises today, human beings are capable of living in extraordinarily large cooperative groups. However, extrapolating from cross-species comparisons of neocortex size, it has been estimated that human group sizes cannot exceed 150 individuals before groups divide or collapse (37). Although this specific number has been disputed (38), and whereas some Pleistocene foragers possibly lived in large villages, it is apparent that the size of human settlements since the end of the Pleistocene far exceed the limitations that kin-based and reciprocity-based altruism place on group size. Cultural evolution, driven by between-group competition for resources and habitats, has favored large groups. However, large groups, which until recently lacked institutionalized social monitoring mechanisms, are vulnerable to collapse because of high rates of freeloading (13). If unwavering and pervasive belief in moralizing gods buffered against such freeloading, then belief in such gods should be more likely in larger human groups where the threat of freeloading is most acute. Because there is considerable variability in the cultural distribution of morally concerned deities, researchers could measure whether this variability correlates with group size across cultures. In a quantitative cross cultural analysis of the 186 societies in the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample, this prediction was confirmed. The larger the group size, the more likely the group culturally sanctioned deities who are directly concerned about human morality (39). Although most cultures in the world do not promote morally concerned deities, those that do tend to have disproportionately larger populations. As a consequence, the majority of religious adherents in the world worship moralizing gods. This study seems to suggest that larger groups will simply split up into smaller groups, unless the individuals avoid freeloading. The higher rates of existence of religiously moralizing large groups suggest that moralizing religions do discourage freeloading, and so encourage co-operation within the group.
Experiment 8:
Similarly, controlling for the cultural diffusion of moralizing Gods via Christian and Muslim missionary activity, society size, population size, and societal inequality, moralizing gods are more likely in societies with high water scarcity—where the threat to group survival, and the need to minimize freeloading, is also pronounced (40). Since water is vital to life, and in areas with high water scarcity, freeloading is almost suicidal to the group, this suggests that moralizing religions do discourage freeloading especially when it is most life-threatening.
Most of this doesn't seem to suggest to me that religious people are likely to be pro-social. But it does suggest to me that: 1) Most people are likely to be more pro-social when it won't inconvenience them, 2) Religious people are likely to be more pro-social when their religion demands it, and they are more strict about keeping their religion, 3) Religious people are more likely to not freeload when their religion demands it, 4) Religious people are more likely to reciprocate, 5) Most people are aware that religious people are more likely to reciprocate, 6) People are less likely to cheat on their exams if they think someone invisible is watching, 7) Kids are FAR less likely to cheat on their exams if they think someone invisible is watching, 8) Religious people are likely to live longer when their religion has religious requirements that would make anyone live longer if they did it, but people are only likely to follow those sensible requirements if their religion dictated it, not just because it was sensible.
All this doesn't suggest that religious people ARE more ethical and moral than non-religious people. But it does suggest to me that religious people are far more likely to follow ethical, moral, pro-social and health-beneficial behaviours, when their religion requires it, than if they didn't have a religious motivation, and just the motivation for sensibile behaviour. So convenience outweighs religion, but religion outweighs non-sensibility. So it seems to me that if you follow a religion that requires you to do things that are beneficial for society, or for yourself, you've got a greater chance of doing this, and so of you and society of reaping the rewards.
I suspect that the same is true of non-religious people, that if they belong to any group, in which they are very committed to keeping its rules, then the same will apply, that they will gain the benefits from keeping its rules. So if you belong to a Humanist Society as a committed and active member, you are far more likely to do what Humanism requires, and if your whole community are committed Humanists, your community will benefit. However, you are only likely to benefit from the rules in your Humanist Chapter, and you are only likely to benefit from this if you are a committed Humanist. Right now, that's hit-and-miss as to who is and who isn't. However, it might explain why things like the police and social services have the same effects, as most people in a country are committed to avoiding breaking the law, and so most gain the benefits from keeping it.
RE msg 36 by stonestongue:
Being kind to one another is a no-brainer. The notion that you need a god of some kind to make a rule for it is rediculous to me (and to most Humanists). And to 99% of theists.
Most religious people don't ever wonder why the Sun rises in the East instead of the West. They also don't wonder why their religion says anything, including why their religions say that they should be good to one another. Some theists are interested in analysis of their religion. I am such a person. I believe that most religious books say to be good to one another, to include those situations in which you wouldn't normally do that, but should do anyway. An example is that it has been asked: Why does the Bible say "Honour your father and your mother?" The normal way of children is to show greater respect for their mother, not their father, because their mother shows them the most affection. So why divert from the normal mode of behaviour? The answer given is that the Bible is telling us to honour our father FIRST, precisely because your nature is NOT to honour your father as much, and so you must make a special effort to show respect for your father more than your mother, to compensate for that, so they are shown respect equally. A similar rule is stated about helping your friend, that if someone you like and someone you hate both need help, say both are drowning and need saving, you have to help the person you hate FIRST. This is against what is natural. But it is required, to balance out our desire to help our friends first, in order to give everyone the same help.
IMHO, religious texts tell us to help each other, even in the ways we think it is not necessary. | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/13/2008 1:02:22 AM | Excellent documentation and analysis, Scorpio.
I liked the way you presented it. I might not agree with all of the conclusions, but certainly the effort to understand the experiments and the results is clear. If I were to debate any of your points, I would be sure to analyse it carefully. My ethics guide me toward an attempt, but I just don't have the time right now. | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/13/2008 2:29:20 AM | Perhaps it all boils down to what people see as moral. Let me (try to) explain.
The box thing with princess Alice watching? Give me a break.
First of all, if a child didn't look for fear of some invisible princess watching them, I'd feel very sorry for that child.
Secondly, there is no morals involved *for me* in a child (or anyone) peeking in a box even though he's been told by some adult not to peek "just because".
It's not a morality issue for me and I don't care if it is for anyone else...it is not for me.
For one thing, I don't value obedience - in fact, I abhor it. The day my child obeys me or any adult "just because" is the day I know I have failed as a parent.
And the day that my child would have obeyed someone for fear of some invisible princess watching over them is the day I would have seriously considered calling it quits.
It is NOT immoral to be curious. It is NOT immoral to peek in a box just because someone told you not to. This is the type of stuff I hated as a child and it's the stuff I can't stand today. Being human is NOT immoral!!
Besides...why would I want my child to "be good" just because she fears some invisible sky daddy??? What happens when she grows up??
How can a child learn to control their behavior and impulses on their own if all that's kept them out of "trouble" was the fear of some outside force when the force is IN them all along??? Argh!!!!!!!!!!!!! This is all so wrong and so backward I can't even believe it has to be said!!!
And so NO, theists are no more likely to be more moral or ethical (or whatever word people want to use ) than non theists IMO.
Now if anyone is more this or that while they're being watched (or judged) by their peers, then they're just more hypocritical...NOT more moral or ethical (or whatever).

JMO
"Morality is the herd - instinct in the individual." ~Friedrich Nietzsche~
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/13/2008 5:22:17 AM | Scorpio;
Being kind to one another is a no-brainer. The notion that you need a god of some kind to make a rule for it is rediculous to me (and to most Humanists). And to 99% of theists.
I'll agree to that but this thread is about a study which says Theists are more moral because they ACT that way when they think they are being watched. That isn't morality, that's being afraid to show your true colours.
Most religious people don't ever wonder why the Sun rises in the East instead of the West. They also don't wonder why their religion says anything, including why their religions say that they should be good to one another. Some theists are interested in analysis of their religion. I am such a person. I believe that most religious books say to be good to one another, to include those situations in which you wouldn't normally do that, but should do anyway.
I hope you're in the majority then, but I have seen many that chastise and threaten those who don't believe with Hell (or that religions equivilant).
An example is that it has been asked: Why does the Bible say "Honour your father and your mother?" The normal way of children is to show greater respect for their mother, not their father, because their mother shows them the most affection. So why divert from the normal mode of behaviour? The answer given is that the Bible is telling us to honour our father FIRST, precisely because your nature is NOT to honour your father as much, and so you must make a special effort to show respect for your father more than your mother, to compensate for that, so they are shown respect equally. A similar rule is stated about helping your friend, that if someone you like and someone you hate both need help, say both are drowning and need saving, you have to help the person you hate FIRST. This is against what is natural. But it is required, to balance out our desire to help our friends first, in order to give everyone the same help.
I'm not sure about the first half but the second is just cultivating compassion which I do wholeheartedly believe in.
Gottalight;
People with ADD should not attempt to debate. I apologize for calling you an idiot. I am very sorry about your illness.
See, now I just want to call you an angry little man with no debating skills... You are doing yourself no favours with your continued insults.
Calling folks who disagree and who've bested you in a debate names doesn't seem to go along with too many moral codes... It just makes you look like a whiney, spoiled brat.
I need a set of rules. I write one.
Perhaps you should get on that. | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/13/2008 6:21:15 AM | Old Soul;
It is NOT immoral to be curious. It is NOT immoral to peek in a box just because someone told you not to. This is the type of stuff I hated as a child and it's the stuff I can't stand today. Being human is NOT immoral!!
I agree to the Nth degree... Morality and doing what you're told are not the same thing. They aren't even in the same ball park.
It is not immoral to question authority. It is your right as a free thinking individual.
Who would be more moral? The Nazi who blindly follows orders although they think it's wrong or the one who refuses because they think it's wrong?
They are both afraid, but one is stronger than the other. Can you guess which one? | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/13/2008 9:09:27 AM |
See, now I just want to call you an angry little man with no debating skills... You are doing yourself no favours with your continued insults. You mean that you are not diseased? Are you really an idiot? I thought it was a mental impairment from a lack of reading skills that has been affecting you. In that case I will take back my apology, and will accept yours if you ever offer one. It won't take a genius to read back a few pages and see who began the attacks. | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/13/2008 9:26:06 AM | You are correct... Here's the first insult.
You don't need a book, but if you have morals, you should be able to recite the rules verbatim according to the proper dictionary definition of the word
And it was from you. But you knew that and that's why you could once again only assert your claim and couldn't back it up... Plus you were wrong about the definition the O/P was using so you were aiming an insult at me but it backfired. Maybe that's why you think I started it? HAHA
But in fact, your first attack went against Oldsoul saying she didn't know how to read! You are rather pathetic in your continued insistance of being attacked. Quit with the whining! If you can't take it, don't dish it out for yourself!
It really is that simple!
You mean that you are not diseased? Are you really an idiot?
Lol... You do realise that I am just laughing at you now, right?
The more you go on about it, the more you are making an a** of yourself.
Go to it.
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/13/2008 9:37:36 AM |
You are correct... Here's the first insult.
Where is it? What is the insult? Did I imply anything about you personally?
Were you offended by an implied lack of memory skills? Are you too poor to own a book? Did the National Society of Athiest Humanists forget to give you a book? Do you not have enough paper to write your own rules?
I am not able to comprehend the statement you quoted as any form of insult. | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/13/2008 9:49:42 AM | You are being dishonest. You were implying that I had no clue what the word "moral" meant.
And if you look at msg 11, you and anyone else can see how you were insulting yet another poster. They edited the post #10 and called you on it even.
Were you offended by an implied lack of memory skills?
No, just thought it was dumb of you to suggest I didn't know what was meant by the O/P when it was obvious to all but you.
Are you too poor to own a book?
I own many. But what does that have to do with the price of beans?
Did the National Society of Athiest Humanists forget to give you a book?
Why, did it not have a moral? HAHA!
Do you not have enough paper to write your own rules?
Why would I need a paper? It's not like I expect eveyone else to follow the rules I govern myself by.
I am not able to comprehend the statement you quoted as any form of insult.
Let me guess... None of the above were insults either were they? Maybe that's because insulting folks comes so natural to you when they disagree.
Hardly my fault. | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/13/2008 10:00:18 AM | ^ This is not directed at you:)
Talk about giving someone an inch. I thought I would be nice and give a fair warning...but no. Here is what the rules CLEARLY say now that the forums are "hidden":
Click any of the Links below to access these Forum Categories:
Closed, but accessible Forums »» Politics Current Events Religion
Related Links: Changes to Forums Links Removed
For the Time being, there is ZERO Tolerance for Trolls posting Flamebait, Insults, or peddling Agendas. Automatic 28 Day minimum Vacation Package.
Don't post here if you can't keep your "Cool"
Report offensive Posts as usual in the Forum Rule Violations Report Thread
And I'm positive that thread hijacking and off topic posts are included in there also!!!
Fair and LAST warning (from me at least).
OT...
I stand by my earlier posts...I believe what I SEE, not some studies...theists are no more moral or ethical than non theists.
And I would say I know that for a fact but that would be claiming an exclusive truth, so let's just say that that is what *I* believe to be true. Until such time someone can prove me wrong that is.

JMO
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/13/2008 10:17:04 AM | wow, great analysis by scorpio in msg 64. Props to you scorp. And another great post by oldsoul in msg 66.
I wish the bickering would go away though. I think every post that gottalight made on this thread has been inflammatory. Can we have a group hug or something?  | |
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| A Recent Study Finds Theists Are More Ethical Than Atheists Posted: 10/13/2008 10:19:12 AM | think every post that gottalight made on this thread has been inflammatory.. Maybe that is where the nick comes from. I have a fire in my heart. Maybe I should change it to eyedropper. People can't see very well if they have an eye (I) disorder.
I, ego, Id. | |
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