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Author
Thread: How did cows become sacred in India?
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
13 (
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)
How did cows become sacred in India?
Posted:
7/27/2006 6:00:26 PM
agreed - i dont want to get into the AIT debate - i am a historian too (that is my hobby though)
sava can be found in the region known as the western ghats. best way is to reach kerala and talk to a practitioner of the sidha medicinal system and either s/he has somegrowing in his/ her backyard, or will get u some for a price.
the way you understand things and the way i understand the same things are a bit different. but going by the upanishadic verse, "Poornamadam poornamidam"
that is complete and this is complete (i know that is a transliteration and not exactly the intended meaning)
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
11 (
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)
How did cows become sacred in India?
Posted:
7/25/2006 7:34:16 PM
a. the aryan invasion theory has been proven to be wrong - but that is clearly another discussion
b. kshatriya's never fell out of dominance - i am a kshatriya and our kingdom was never colonized, we joined the indian union in 1947 of our free will. kshatriyas were dominant as long as there were kingdoms. they became irrelevant either for regions under direct british rule, or after independance - fairly modern times i think!
c. soma refers to the drink in question as also the moon. you are right about the debate that has been going on about the ingredients of soma. however what might be interesting is that most of the western archaeologists and chemists working on it, have not asked indian opinion on it, which i find a bit odd. however it might help to note that manusmriti, clearly prohibits the eating of mushrooms for brahmins, even kautilya mentions the same. i would find it quite unusual for brahmins to then drink soma if it were made from mushrooms, vedic rites as you might know could only be performed by brahmins in the past.
what i was talking about in terms of soma in my previous post was related to the ones that is used in some atharva vedic rituals in present times.
the old soma, used to made by fermeting the root juice of a tuber called Sava, and cannot be made in the old ways now, as sava is not available in required quantities. i have seen a root of sava myself, but do not know what it is called in english.
hope that clears the air.
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
9 (
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How did cows become sacred in India?
Posted:
7/25/2006 2:08:26 AM
i dont agree fully with Pujakama; However i dont think i am fully right too. however i am a Hindu and wil try to answer as best i can.
to start with something i know well about - soma - soma wasnt made of mushrooms. there are two types of somas, one made of grapes and another made of rice or barley - the process involves fermentation and distillation after fermentation in case of the rice soma.
the chinese and indian calendars are different one is a lunar calendar and the other is a solar calendar. different indians use different calendars too. the chinese wouldnt agree that the chinese calendar is from india and in india there is no practice of naming years after animals, as they found out a long time ago that there were exactly 365 days in a year (please check it out i dont want to explain why i put it in there)
The cow was an extremely useful animal for an agrarian economy. oxen are used for ploughing and if you were to eat beef, for the same aged animal, the ox is eaten first and the cow later, as the cow provides milk too. an indian child grows up on his or her mothers breast milk and then on cows milk. so cow is considered a surrogate mother and is called gomatha. you dont eat your mom - do you? that is a major part of respecting the cow. india has the largest cattle population in the world now and had it for the past 5-6000 years.compared to other countries that eat beef, india has not had many famines, except for the ones forced on it due to others notably the british. a major reason is the dependance on a dairy diet and focus on vegetarianism.
anyways that was my 2 cents worth.
cheers
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
576 (
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puzzlers----you figure it out
Posted:
12/11/2005 11:30:44 PM
what did the piece of paper have on it - the man's name - some kind of choice of death.....
maybe there were two men in the desert and they had water only for one to reah the otherside. they draw lots and our hero dies. hehehehehehe
is that right is that right - do i get the kiss - do i - do i
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
575 (
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puzzlers----you figure it out
Posted:
12/11/2005 11:25:37 PM
12 - Twelve - 6 letters -Answer 6
6 - Six - 3 letters - Answer - 3
10 - Ten - 3 letters - Answer 3
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
13 (
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your favorite mantra is?
Posted:
11/3/2005 11:50:41 PM
OM Aim Hring Klim Shreem my friend
my favorite mantra is
"Purnamadam purnamidam
purnaat purnamudachaye
purnasya purnamadaya
purnamevavashishyate"
The invocation of the Isa Upanishad.
Means that is complete (or perfect) this is also complete
completeness emanates from completeness
the result of taking completeness out of completeness
would only be completeness
and such is the nature of god
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
54 (
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Hinduism
Posted:
11/3/2005 11:46:49 PM
Gandhiji, is just a man like you and me, with his failings and tribulations. he always felt that he was impure when he was in london, and that is what he felt. there is where traditions (meaning age old practices) become more important than the fundamental truth.
Gandhiji also disliked the black people in africa and many fo his writings about them are very racial. he considered european at the top then indian and then african - in the africans land - and even asked for segregated jails for indians - Isnt that a joke.
the impurity aspect of foreign , for a very democratic, as in majority led religion such as hinduism, is becoming very irrelevant given the economic benefits of such travel - in the lines of what fibonnaci pointed out.
the good part of the hinduism story is i think that ability to change. i think that is also the greatest strength of this religion, if i may call it such.
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
53 (
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Hinduism
Posted:
11/3/2005 11:41:34 PM
Dear Vocaleze
The mention of your teacher telling you stories beings my attention to mythology.
infact the stories serve a more higher purpose, if you would listen to the intricacies and nuances, which are not always evident.
i think even mythological stories, hide a lot of deeper meanings. i think they were used in the old days to explain higher concepts to people who were not exactly educated or knowledgeable. so also the use of idols and representations.
as you see higher and higher planes in hinduism, the concept of god becomes the fuzzy thing i am trying to talk about. lower down planes (i am not saying that one is better than the other in any way) still have a lot of smaller belief systems, representations, stories and songs in a more easy to understand way.
hinduism is pure love, when you see that the truth in the other and the truth in you are the same - just truth. you see that differences are so not different and that all of us are the same.
i am discovering more and more about myself and others everyday. i wish you luck in your path of discovery too
Cheers
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
51 (
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Hinduism
Posted:
11/3/2005 5:41:44 PM
Dear Vocaleze
You have done your class well, to say the least.
However, anyone who is not "Hindu-born" is untouchable, correct? Therefore, they will be most unlikely to attain Moksha in this lifetime.
Hinduism as it is not bound by strict laws, is a constantly evolving way of life. So foreign born or non hindu born is not untouchable any more. Untouchability btw was (it is not practiced or preached in the majority) never extended to say for eg foreginers. for example when chinese, byzantaneans, romans or arabs or the later century europeans came to india, for trade, conquest or knowledge, they were never looked down upon. so even when untouchability was practised in india it was not extended to non hindus, which was a strong reason for the conversion of a lot of so called untouchables to other religions. so i would think differently about that statement.
Also, doesn't anyone who leaves India become untouchable (lose their Varna/caste)?
Varna doesnt matter anymore i think except for government benefits and subsidies to the so called untouchable casts of the ancient times. i dont know the varna of most of my friends anyways and i think i am in the majority in india at this time.
anyways as i said before hinduism changes everyday and if what you said was true, then a lot of the peaceful and innocuous programmers Fibonnaci knows, would be out casts; literally.
that is not the case.I still have a cast if it matters - more than that i have social acceptance if that is what you mean. i travelled out of india almost a decade ago and now visit it very often for business - so.
when i said that the basic tenet is following Karma Yoga, i was talking about my part of the religion. also many other things i said like the concept of God , is what i believe to be true. i am not saying that I am right completely or that this is the only way. YOU ARE RIGHT. there are many yogas and any of them could be the way to God. I was trying to paint my picture from my side of the canvas and the whole picture from whichever side you would paint it from should look beautiful in the end. the same applies to karma - dharma -kali pooja concept. the same too to some hindus considering buddha a hindu god.
well it is tough as you know to represent hinduism and i dont even try. however, i am just trying to add a little bit of myself to that huge picture of thought. Thanks a lot for helping me out there. Your help is appreciated - VERY MUCH
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
48 (
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Hinduism
Posted:
11/1/2005 5:55:44 PM
The way to understanding god , is outlined in the Isha upanishad "God treatise"
"purnam adah purnam idam
purnat purnam udachyate
purnasya purnam adaya
purnam evavashishyate"
that is complete, this is complete
completeness emanates from completeness
if complete parts are taken out of completeness
only completeness remains
That is i think the essence of hinduism!
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
397 (
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puzzlers----you figure it out
Posted:
10/25/2005 7:09:31 PM
am i wrong am i wrong am i wrong?????
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
108 (
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/25/2005 7:08:13 PM
i agree with longte completely.
the world conquering thing is only used by the party to hold the people together for a greater cause. the party is aiming to see that the people in the next decade or so will become so rich that they forget about the greater cause. the danger is limited to the extent of the people not being so rich after all, and or there is the emergence of a new mao type leader.
cheers
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
70 (
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what's the sexiest profession?
Posted:
10/24/2005 11:11:53 PM
yeah you are right investment bankers
we win hands down and pants down too
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
2 (
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avian flu
Posted:
10/24/2005 7:38:58 PM
absolutely perfectly normal FEAR
there is a grave threat - but how big is that in north america - i dont know
in asia, there is every chance that the h5n1 virus can mutate into a subspecies that could easily spread from human to human, just like an outbreak of cold or regular flu, and the mortality rates are over 95%.
how does flu spread - over the air!!!
there is a present danger. it is possible that over a 100 million or more people could die from this particular problem.
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
105 (
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/24/2005 6:45:39 PM
nice to know that you read the deccan herald
anyways whats the point??
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
396 (
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puzzlers----you figure it out
Posted:
10/24/2005 6:44:42 PM
thanks for the cuddly penguin dryad - i particularly enjoy penguin stew and stuffed toys.
okie she was married tothe band master and he knew she was cheating by dating some one from POF. he wanted to put an end to it.
so next time she was on the trapeze - she ought to have timed her jump at the 4th beat of the bass drum and the band master increased tempo - thus the fourth beat happened a second before it was supposed to and there was no one to catch her when she jumped. so she screamed and died in the laast act.
more penguins please
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
393 (
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puzzlers----you figure it out
Posted:
10/23/2005 11:34:27 PM
dryad i would love it if you could give yes and nos fast
so i could keep thinking - this is fun
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
392 (
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puzzlers----you figure it out
Posted:
10/23/2005 11:33:34 PM
jlarikker:
was the band that was playing like the pink panthers
did they stop so the next band could come on stage - like the black panthers
did the woman scream and then died her hair which was pink, black;
lol, you’re just wacked! Welcome to the puzzle thread!! You'll fit in just fine
i know i know - but my answer is very plausible
okie next try
the woman probably was in the circus - maybe a trapeze artist and she keeps time with the music. so when the music stops due to that electricity failure she falls to her death - well cant think why they dont have a plan b.
next try
the band is the bespeckled band, as on the back of the head of a cobra. the cobra dances(aka the snake charmer) the band plays therefore and then it stops because the snake notices the woman and bites her for fun. she dies!
how are theese attempts
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
42 (
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part of the solution; or part of the problem?
Posted:
10/23/2005 11:18:56 PM
frus·trate P Pronunciation Key (frstrt)
tr.v. frus·trat·ed, frus·trat·ing, frus·trates
To prevent from accomplishing a purpose or fulfilling a desire; thwart: A persistent wind frustrated my attempt to rake the lawn.
To cause feelings of discouragement or bafflement in.
To make ineffectual or invalid; nullify.
exactly!
duh, is it that tough to "get it?"
or would most people just rather argue personal semantics and their theology?
is THIS what happens to threads began here?
if so, how sad!
the heading reads part of the solution; or part of the problem?
are we really all that different?
or am i naive to believe/hope we are more alike than dissimiliar?
no dear not at all difficult to understand
what is difficult to understand is that i posted before those frustrating fustrations i did post something very relevant to the discussion - but was ignored. if you keep looking inside u never learn. that is the specific reason i posted examples of countries that have a doctored education system.
and that warranted a discussion - if not atleast tell me why???
thus the frustrating fustration - for the spelling confusion go to reply, choose the lower left smilie icon and you would see that it is spelt wrong here in POF
doesnt matter at all. but i was just trying to say that - when you write something completely unrelated u trivialize the previous poster and i dont like being trivialized.
sorry
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
10 (
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Saddam and American Tresury Notes?
Posted:
10/23/2005 11:12:20 PM
isnt all that what i said.
correction - not war bond - bonds for funding the deficit brought about by a war.
shucks
anyways
china is THE largest holder of us bonds
did i say something wrong when i said the money goes round and round.
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
103 (
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China's space program and spending in general
Posted:
10/23/2005 11:09:39 PM
majestic lizard,
you are right on target - it is just a little bit of something added to that..
it is like
Look people of china, the great enlightened land. We have often been subdued at the hand of the barbarian. however look at the great chinese civilization emerging like a phoenix from the ashes "then a few examples of chinese greatness" look at how we will subdue and rule over the barbarians in our own god given position.
well it only means that you have to work a bit harder for a bit less, but for the glory of and the greatness of our empire..
and the sad part is that many of them believe it.
Most of my mainland friends were sons of party officials - that is exactly how it works.
cheers and long live the revolution
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
64 (
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what's the sexiest profession?
Posted:
10/21/2005 2:34:48 AM
yeah where was i
yup
we investment bankers, we make all the money - well it involves just a wee bit of cheating and misleading people - but look at the money and power
we advise government leaders
we control everything around us including the computer key boards.
we can walk up and down any escalator
cant u guys see
we are SEXYYYYYYYYY
well gotta go
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
63 (
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what's the sexiest profession?
Posted:
10/21/2005 2:30:04 AM
pandorarevealed & smoofiter
You havent seen authoritative until u have seen investment bankers,
maan we rock
we are so sexy that sometimes people try to physically assault us.
omg
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
33 (
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part of the solution; or part of the problem?
Posted:
10/21/2005 2:07:07 AM
has anyone checked the spelling of frustrated here
it is fustrated
is it wrong or am i
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
2 (
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Saddam and American Tresury Notes?
Posted:
10/21/2005 1:50:39 AM
it would be nice if saddam bought us treasury instruments - wouldnt it?
the us economy stays alive on countries buyng treasury instruments to park their forex reserves. all countries in the world (almost) do that.
China owns probably the largest chunk of your iraq war bonds. the simplistic model is asian (now) countries export to US and other countries, earn forex, and then park it in either New York banks or in us govt treasury notes/bonds. this funds the deficit of the US Govt, which pump primes or spends heavily on various heads in US, making more money available in the hands of americans who will spend more on foreign and of course local products and services, and the money goes round and round.
remember before the war, oil prices werent very high and iraq couldnt trade much with other countries due to embargos and if it did it was trading oil for food. so there wasnt much that the country could have invested in US bonds compared to japan, china, mexico, brazil or india.
or if the theory is that saddam was using personal money to buy US bonds. then he was only trying to make a wise investment by hedging against himself. cos if there is war, Iraqi dinar would depreciate and become worthless - so it is safer to buy us bonds
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
31 (
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part of the solution; or part of the problem?
Posted:
10/21/2005 12:35:38 AM
has anyone checked the spelling of frustrated here
it is fustrated
is it wrong or am i
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
28 (
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part of the solution; or part of the problem?
Posted:
10/21/2005 12:10:42 AM
nothing against anybody - but see the difficulties in running such a program RIGHT. its an impossibility
what about creativity
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
27 (
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part of the solution; or part of the problem?
Posted:
10/21/2005 12:09:02 AM
are some people here suggesting a govt body tells the kids what to do and not
it works well in singapore.
the govt tells them what is nice and what is not - fat kids are taught to hate being fat - meaning hate themselves etc (thats extreme aint it). however, it has shown considerable advantages. however singaporeasns just hate their govt. on the other hand i was travelling to malaysia - a small trian ride away and my singaporean friend told me - BE VERY CAREFUL - cos that is what their govt told them. singaporeans - some of them find it difficult to adjust to the stress levels outside singapore also.
in pakistan the govt school students are taught to hate indians and the western countries. Indeed it is so stupid that they have a reference of Jehad in the biology text book of one of the lower grades.
so well would i like it if my kids listen to some preprogrammed mnd conditioning - NO
so i was planning to send them to an american international school - now if you guys are serious - it will have to be indian, canadian or australian school
cheers
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
22 (
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Nostradamus
Posted:
10/20/2005 11:52:28 PM
Nostrodamus had predicted by 2012 we would be knee deep in war in the middle east
and some kinda nuke would go off.
sound like today almost.
think of what would happen lets say if general musharaff dies of old age in 2010 and the nuclear bombs falls into the hands of jehadists
it should be lots of fun
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
9 (
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your favorite mantra is? tantric MANTHRAS
Posted:
10/20/2005 11:21:40 PM
the manthras of the slokas are beeja or seed manthras which can and which do awaken and stimulate the energies within the body, as well as the energies in the environment. The chanting of each verse is chorused by a combination of three beeja manthras: aim, hreem, kleem. Aim is the beeja manthra of Saraswati, hreem is the beeja manthra of Lakshmi and kleem is the beeja manthra of Durga or Kali. Each verse is chanted in combination with the beeja manthras. Durgasaptashati is a very important book of the Tantras. Every year, twice during the period of Navaratri, the nine days dedicated to the worship of the Cosmic Mother, people throughout India chant from that book.
SO, mine would be hreem, aim, kleem..
and centre chakra's,
and have a nine day orgasm. (i wish)
Tantric Manthra's r worth studying, makes me wanna move to India i sware
AHA interesting!!
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
87 (
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/20/2005 8:15:59 PM
Thanks for the compliment acburbank
You are yourselves very organized and analytical in your thought process too.
therefore it definitely would be interesting to see what image amercians such as yourselves have of the issue in kashmir and what you think could be a solution if at all.
there are many views of this issue in india and being a democracy all of those opinions have to be taken into account, when india puts its perspective forward.
some thoughts will be useful; indeed as the OP has closed his thread - maybe we can have a discussion going here.
cheers
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
85 (
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/19/2005 9:57:08 PM
acburbank
you asked me for my view on kashmir, i gave them and you left it there
wonder why??
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
84 (
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/19/2005 9:56:23 PM
well to get back to the thread, there are some very cheap , average performance and great looks chinese bikes.
you can throw them away after a year if you want to
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
78 (
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/19/2005 8:44:37 PM
some debater!!!!!!!
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
76 (
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/19/2005 8:37:36 PM
most of the OPs arguments were not very factual - so also the kawasaki 1600 vulcan
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
74 (
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/19/2005 8:23:19 PM
that was for your last to last post
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
73 (
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/19/2005 8:22:16 PM
i wonder about the brains dmotz
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
70 (
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/19/2005 8:20:01 PM
Thank you for policeing my posts but please dont charge me or give a ticket pof forum officer !
My pleasure dear.
it helps to foster a good discussion if we can behave in a civilized manner
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
69 (
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/19/2005 8:17:20 PM
come on guys
there is no need to fight
and dmotz, even imagining such a thing is terrible. remember also that many others possess nuclear capabilities now.
what you are saying dmotz isnt also very true. You can also get all the pizzas and pastas and steaks you want in shanghai
and most of the apartments are very nice - with heating and so on. they are also building new villages with farms on the roof tops - yes rice growing on roof tops.
your image of china is a bit dated to say the least
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
64 (
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/19/2005 8:09:41 PM
Bigwilli,
should you not try to press your points using facts than anger
cheers
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
58 (
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/19/2005 7:45:03 PM
oops whats happening
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
Msg:
91 (
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The world is coming to an end!!!!
Posted:
10/19/2005 7:35:36 PM
yep dharma you could stop too - but i am concerned about hokage.
jlarikker
Joined:
2/23/2005
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56 (
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/19/2005 7:33:50 PM
if you checked my profile, you know i am now in hong kong
this is another fact
in shanghai pudong in 2004 jan, there was an incident which did not get any press or any other attention
&*&*&^%^&^$$*)(*&)(&)(&(*^%&$^%#@#%%%&^^%*&^(*^)(*&)(*)_*)*&(&^%&$^%$#%#^%#^%#%&*^*&(**)(*&^&*%*^%&^$&^$&%*&&)(*)()_*&^*&%&^$%@$%@@@$%@$@%$@$%@$%@%$@$%@$%@$%@%@%$@%$@$@%$@%$@%$@%$@^&^%&%*$*$^$^%#%$@%$@%@%$@J&*&*&^%^&^$$*)(*&)(&)(&(*^%&$^%#@#%%%&^^%*&^(*^)(*&)(*)_*)*&(&^%&$^%$#%#^%#^%#%&*^*&(**)(*&^&*%*^%
&^$&^$&%*&&)(*)()_*&^*&%&^$%@$%@@@$%@$@%$@$%@$%@%$@$%@$%@$%@%@%$@%$@$@%$@%$@%$@%$@^&^%&%*$*$^$^%#%$@%$@%@%$@&*&*&^%^&^$$*)(*&)(&)(&(*^%&$^%#@#%%%&^^%*&^(*^)(*&)(*)_*)*&(&^%&$^%$#%#^%#^%#%&*^*&(**)(*&^&*%*^%&^$&^$&%*&&)(*)()_*&^*&%&^$%@$%@@@$%@$@%$@$%@$%@%$@$%@$%@$%@%@%$@%$@$@%$@%$@%$@%$@^&^%&%*$*$^$^%#%$@%$@%@%$@
jails are places where people atleast accused or believed to be involved in crimes are housed. cities are where everyone is housed. i beg that there is a difference.
jlarikker
Joined:
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puzzlers----you figure it out
Posted:
10/19/2005 7:25:24 PM
was the band that was playing like the pink panthers
did they stop so the next band could come on stage - like the black panthers
did the woman scream and then died her hair which was pink, black;
hehehehehe
jlarikker
Joined:
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/19/2005 7:19:36 PM
just facts because the OP was sort of running into things cos he probably wasnt seeing issues factually.
but in India there was indeed prior history of some form of democracy and the ancient form is still practiced in the villages - which now is given legal sanctity by an act of parliament and the 52nd amendment of the the constitution.
ancient india like ancient greece had city states and some of these were indeed democratic
there were a group of elected representatives indeed 5 of them that ran the city state. this is called a panchayat (meaning group of five). these panchayats were usually the wise men/ women(yes indeed) of the city state. i can check the dates and stuff if you are interested.
with the siad amendment of the constitution now these panchayats in the villages are the lowest part of the government. this amendment gives the panchayats rights in asset allocation - this model of decentralization is working well, as would be expected because these people at the local level knowtheir needs best.
now there are rules framed for the conduct of the elections in these panchayats and indeed it is an interesting system of governance.
it is now called - real power to the people, and that statement makes me wonder about democracy itself.
jlarikker
Joined:
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The world is coming to an end!!!!
Posted:
10/19/2005 6:51:12 PM
you should stop smoking though
because your health might be weakening
jlarikker
Joined:
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/19/2005 6:49:48 PM
and if any one is interested in knowing the history of the indian space program, go to the nasa website and search indian space, or bhaba or sarabhai.
us declined help to india to develop a space program, though it was keen to help - surprise of all surprises uk blocked it....
funny....
jlarikker
Joined:
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/19/2005 6:46:41 PM
umm zero is siphor in arabic .. it was created by and arab who shortly thereafter created the decimal point system. Modern english numbers are the old arabic numbers while the current arabic number system is actually of indian origion.. dont get it twisted...
Arabic numerals
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
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Arabic numerals (also called Hindu numerals or Indian numerals ) are the most common set of symbols used to represent numbers. They are considered one of the most significant developments in mathematics.
History
The term "Arabic numerals" is actually a misnomer, since what are known in English as "Arabic numerals" were neither invented nor widely used by the Arabs. Instead, they were developed in India by the Hindus around 400 BC. However, because it was the Arabs who brought this system to the West after the Hindu numerical system found its way to Persia, the numeral system became known as "Arabic". Arabs themselves call the numerals they use "Indian numerals", ????? ?????, arqam hindiyyah).
Hindu numerals in the first century AD.
The first inscriptions using 0 in India have been traced to approximately AD 400. Aryabhata's numerical code also represents a full knowledge of the zero symbol. By the time of Bhaskara I (i.e., the 7th century) a base 10 numeral system with nine symbols was widely used in India, and the concept of zero (represented by a dot) was known (see the Vasavadatta of Subandhu, or the definition by Brahmagupta). However, it is possible that the invention of the zero sign took place some time in the 1st century when the Buddhist philosophy of shunyata (zero-ness) gained ascendancy.
How the numbers came to the Arabs can be read in the work of al-Qifti's "Chronology of the scholars", which was written around the end the 12th century but quoted earlier sources (see [1]):
... a person from India presented himself before the Caliph al-Mansur in the year 776 who was well versed in the siddhanta method of calculation related to the movement of the heavenly bodies, and having ways of calculating equations based on the half-chord [essentially the sine] calculated in half-degrees ... Al-Mansur ordered this book to be translated into Arabic, and a work to be written, based on the translation, to give the Arabs a solid base for calculating the movements of the planets ...
This book, which the Indian scholar presented from, was probably Brahmasphutasiddhanta (The Opening of the Universe) which was written in 628 by the Indian mathematician Brahmagupta and had used the Hindu Numerals with the zero sign.
The numeral system came to be known to both the Persian mathematician Al-Khwarizmi, whose book On the Calculation with Hindu Numerals written about 825, and the Arab mathematician Al-Kindi, who wrote four volumes (see [2]) "On the Use of the Indian Numerals" (Ketab fi Isti'mal al-'Adad al-Hindi) about 830, are principally responsible for the diffusion of the Indian system of numeration in the Middle-East and the West . In the 10th century, Middle-Eastern mathematicians extended the decimal numeral system to include fractions, as recorded in a treatise by Syrian mathematician Abu'l-Hasan al-Uqlidisi in 952-953.
Fibonacci, an Italian mathematician who had studied in Bejaia (Bougie), Algeria, promoted the Arabic numeral system in Europe with his book Liber Abaci, which was published in 1202. The system did not come into wide use in Europe, however, until the invention of printing (See, for example, the 1482 Ptolemaeus map of the world printed by Lienhart Holle in Ulm, and other examples in the Gutenberg Museum in Mainz, Germany.)
In the Arab World—until modern times—the Arabic numeral system was used only by mathematicians. Muslim scientists used the Babylonian numeral system, and merchants used a numeral system similar to the Greek numeral system and the Hebrew numeral system. Therefore, it was not until Fibonacci that the Arabic numeral system was used by a large population.
Bigwilly here we go again
i hope this clears your misconception towards the number system - not only did the guy aryabhatta mentioned in the article know the number system and the zero and the decimal places, he had also calculated the circumferance of the earth accurately using trignometry which also originates from the said place.
so to honor him, the indian space program christened its first sattelite, aryabhatta which was launched on 19th April 1975.
so lets get our facts together
cheers
jlarikker
Joined:
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/19/2005 12:38:22 AM
Iraq i think is a situation that US definitely won in the first round, but is losing each round after that. if US had installed even a puppet regime and withdrawn forces with a token presence like in korea, it would have been praised as a great saviour and there wouldnt be need for a new front for Jehad in iraq. ethnic clashing would have happened - but it is happening even now - so
Kashmir - interesting question
kashmir is probably one of the oldest casualties of militant islam.
the king of kashmir, acceded to india at the time of the formation of the indian union, becuse while india was negotiating for the accession of kashmir, pakistan believed that a mujahiddin invasion was the best course. so the king did not have much choice and indian union did not have much choice but to go in and repell the attack. that is the legal perspective.
now the situation has tremendous political repercussions in india and pakistan, because indians feel that allowing kashmir to be independant or accede to pakistan would mean that all muslim majority regions in india (in each place you have madrassas and hard liners) would want seperation. well indeed that was the original logic of partition and the country cannot take more partitions every 3 or 4 years as would be necessary. for instance ever since independance, the hindus in india have lost 3 percentage points in population, whereas muslim population has increased. at least a few districts in assam (which was not a muslim majority state) have nowbecome muslim majority - so how will that work then.
by the way since independance when the muslim population in india has grown, and muslims have become presidents and prime ministers, the hindu population in pakistan and bangladesh has declined tremendously - In Bangladesh, Hindus were 30% in 1941. In 2001 they are less than 8%. In Pakistan of today, Hindus were 20% in 1941, and less than 2% in 2001.
well you could call it ethnic clensing if you would.
in india it is the opposite and with the secular nature of india, it is possible that the whole of india could be muslim majority in a few decades - what then????
now for pakistan it would be political suicide for the president to abandon kashmir, as the hardliners that he himself helped build as the chief of the armed forces, will bay for his blood. and without him, and with a nuclear bomb, it wouldnt be a very funny situation - probably there would be another war - THE LAST ONE!
so in my opinion, there is no solution but status quo, pakistanis are already seeing the advantages of economic growth as seen in india. in the long run, i can only hope that the need for wealth far outweighs the need for reserving seats in heaven.
infact one of the most important steps that US could take is to help change the current curriculum in government schools in pakistan which feeds hate on indians. examples are references to Jehad in biology text books, and complete rewriting of history text books.
the current situation is good. but general musharaff being mortal is a big problem.
jlarikker
Joined:
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congrats to all china men and woman !
Posted:
10/18/2005 11:29:25 PM
iraq
i think is another matter.
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